1843 - 1924
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Poet and composer Lola Rodríguez de Tió was the first Puerto Rican woman to establish herself as a poet. As an activist, Rodríguez called for the abolition of slavery and the independence of Puerto Rico. In 1867, she was banned from Puerto Rico by Spanish governors because of her politics. She was exiled to Venezuela and later Cuba, where she met revolutionary José Martí and participated in the Cuban Revolution. She played a key role in establishing a relationship between the independence movements in Cuba and Puerto Rico, writing in one of her poems, “Cuba y Puerto Rico son de un pájaro las dos alas.” Inspired by the Grito de Lares, she wrote the first lyrics to La Borinqueña – Puerto Rico’s first national anthem. The lyrics were later changed to Manuel Fernandez Juncos’ version, but Rodriguez’s continues to be popular among independence advocates in Puerto Rico.
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