Women's Activism NYC

Dorothy Vaughan

1910 - 2008

By: Kayros Lippwe | Date Added:

Dorothy Vaughan was an African American mathematician teacher who became one of NASA intelligent mathematician on the SCOUT Launch Vehicle Program that launched America’s first satellite into space. Vaughan was born in Kansas City, Missouri. Her parents moved the family to Morgantown when she was still a little girl where she graduated from Beechurst High School in 1925. Vaughan went to Wilberforce University in Ohio and received her Bachelor of Science degree. Vaughan got married to her husband in 1932. She spent the coming years as a mathematician teacher and a house mother. In 1943, Vaughan moved to Newport News, Virginia, with the family where she got hired as a temporary mathematician at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). After President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8802 into law (prohibited discrimination based on race), the laboratory began hiring black women as scientists and mathematician. Vaughan was the first group of African American to be hired. However, the local and state laws required colored mathematicians to work separately from the white female counterparts. Vaughan was assigned to the segregated West Area Computing unit, where the group distinguished themselves with input and hard work of research at Langley. In 1949, Vaughan became the first African American woman to get promoted as one of NACA’s supervisor. The title gave her visibility and a chance to collaborate with other well-known white female computers (before electronic computers, women where hired to do math using their hands and minds with the job title “computers”) on different projects. Vaughan was also responsible teaching the new and existing employees new concepts. Katherine Johnson was assigned to Vaughan’s group when she transferred to Langley. Vaughan position made her a dedicated advocate for female employees, both black and white, who deserved a raise or promotion. In 1958, as NACA became NASA, the agency put an end to the segregated working environment. Vaughan joined the Analysis and Computation Division where did some of the first computer programming and became an expert in coding languages. Her skills gave her a spot with the Scout Launch Vehicle Program, one of the nation’s most successful launch vehicles (capable of launching a 385-pound satellite into orbit). During the final decade of her career, Vaughan along with Mary Jackson, worked closely with mathematician Katherine Jackson on the launch of astronaut John Glenn into orbit. Vaughan never received another management role at NASA and retired in 1971. Vaughan advocate for any women at NASA and accepted any challenge that comes in her way. She was the leader of the West Area Computers and a successful NASA mathematician who brought change to America space program. Her legacy and story was transformed into the 2016 film “Hidden Figures.”

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